cocoapods 私有库的搭建和使用

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前言

cocoapods是非常好用的一个iOS 依赖管理工具，使用它可以方便的管理和更新项目中所使用到的第三方库，以及将自己的项目中的公共组件交由它去管理，实现工程组件化。

创建私有 repo

介绍

什么是 repo？他是所有的Pods的一个索引，就是一个容器，所有的Pods都在这个里面，他实际是一个git仓库，但是当你使用了cocoapods后他会被clone到本地的 ~/.cocoapods/repos 目录下，可以进入到这个目录看到 master 文件夹就是这个官方的 repo。

创建 Specs git 仓库

这个 Specs 用来管理自己的私有 pods ，类似于官方 https://github.com/cocoapods/Specs，我们也需要创建一个 git 仓库，只要你有访问权限，你可以把 git 仓库建在 github、coding、bitbucket 等，当然也可以建立在公司自己部署的 git 服务器（可以内网，只是到时 pod install 只在内网才能用）。cocoapod 官方的 pod repo名字叫 master，阿里云的叫 aliyun，这里举例使用 tianxu-Specs 作为repo 名，在 git 服务器上创建 tianxu-Specs repository：

关联远程 git Specs repository到本地 repo

➜ cd ~/.cocoapods/repos

~/.cocoapods/repos
➜ pod repo add tianxu git@your_git_url:wangwanjie/tianxu-Specs.git
Cloning spec repo `tianxu` from `git@your_git_url:wangwanjie/tianxu-Specs.git`

~/.cocoapods/repos took 4s

此时如果成功的话进入到 ~/.cocoapods/repos 目录下就可以看到WTSpecs这个目录了。至此第一步创建私有Spec repo完成。也可使用 pod repo list 查看。

➜ pod repo list

master
- Type: git (master)
- URL:  https://github.com/cocoapods/Specs.git
- Path: /Users/VanJay/.cocoapods/repos/master

tianxu
fatal: ambiguous argument 'HEAD': unknown revision or path not in the working tree.
Use '--' to separate paths from revisions, like this:
'git <command> [<revision>...] -- [<file>...]'
- Type: git (unknown)
- URL:  git@your_git_url:wangwanjie/tianxu-Specs.git
- Path: /Users/VanJay/.cocoapods/repos/tianxu

2 repos

PS：如果有其他合作人员共同使用这个私有Spec repo的话在他有对应Git仓库的权限的前提下执行相同的命令添加这个Spec repo即可。

创建私有 pod

repo 已经建立好了，接下来就是往里面放对应的 pod，也就是我们要使用的私有 pod，比如将网络封装层从项目抽出来作为公用组件，取名 TXNetwork，

➜ cd ~/Documents/Work/Chaos

Documents/Work/Chaos
➜ pod lib create TXNetwork
Cloning `https://github.com/cocoapods/pod-template.git` into `TXNetwork`.
Configuring TXNetwork template.

------------------------------

To get you started we need to ask a few questions, this should only take a minute.

If this is your first time we recommend running through with the guide:
 - https://guides.cocoapods.org/making/using-pod-lib-create.html
 ( hold cmd and click links to open in a browser. )


What platform do you want to use?? [ iOS / macOS ]
 > iOS

What language do you want to use?? [ Swift / ObjC ]
 > Objc

Would you like to include a demo application with your library? [ Yes / No ]
 > Yes

Which testing frameworks will you use? [ Specta / Kiwi / None ]
 > Specta

Would you like to do view based testing? [ Yes / No ]
 > No

What is your class prefix?
 > TX

Running pod install on your new library.

Analyzing dependencies
Fetching podspec for `TXNetwork` from `../`
Downloading dependencies
Installing Expecta (1.0.6)
Installing Specta (1.0.7)
Installing TXNetwork (0.1.0)
Generating Pods project
Integrating client project

[!] Please close any current Xcode sessions and use `TXNetwork.xcworkspace` for this project from now on.
Sending stats
Pod installation complete! There are 3 dependencies from the Podfile and 3 total pods installed.

 Ace! you're ready to go!
 We will start you off by opening your project in Xcode
  open 'TXNetwork/Example/TXNetwork.xcworkspace'

To learn more about the template see `https://github.com/cocoapods/pod-template.git`.
To learn more about creating a new pod, see `http://guides.cocoapods.org/making/making-a-cocoapod`.

Documents/Work/Chaos took 3m 45s

pod 配置自身视情况而定，pod lib create 的问题根据该 pod 情况选择。

关联 pod 到远程 git 仓库

在 git 服务器上创建 TXNetworking repository，关联。

cd TXNetwork

TXNetwork on  master [?]
➜ git remote add origin https://your_git_url/wangwanjie/TXNetworking

TXNetwork on  master [?]

添加代码

把 pod 代码和资源文件对应放置到 TXNetwork/Classes 和 TXNetwork/Assets，完成之后打 tag 并推送代码。

提交代码到远程仓库

git add .
git commit -m "Initial commit"
git push origin master

给当前的版本加上tag，提交到远程仓库

git tag -a 0.1.0 -m 'v0.1.0' HEAD
git push origin tag 0.1.0

编写 podspec

建议参考cocoapods上面的来做，照着那些第三库的podspec文件写就行了，官方参考

这是该 demo 的 podspec:

#
# Be sure to run `pod lib lint TXNetwork.podspec' to ensure this is a
# valid spec before submitting.
#
# Any lines starting with a # are optional, but their use is encouraged
# To learn more about a Podspec see https://guides.cocoapods.org/syntax/podspec.html
#

Pod::Spec.new do |s|
  s.name             = 'TXNetwork'
  s.version          = '0.1.0'
  s.summary          = '介绍 pod 的描述.'

# This description is used to generate tags and improve search results.
#   * Think: What does it do? Why did you write it? What is the focus?
#   * Try to keep it short, snappy and to the point.
#   * Write the description between the DESC delimiters below.
#   * Finally, don't worry about the indent, cocoapods strips it!

  s.description      = <<-DESC
    介绍 pod 的详细描述。
                       DESC

  s.homepage         = 'https://your_git_url/wangwanjie/TXNetworking'
  # s.screenshots     = 'www.example.com/screenshots_1', 'www.example.com/screenshots_2'
  s.license          = { :type => 'MIT', :file => 'LICENSE' }
  s.author           = { 'wangwanjie' => 'wangwanjie1993@gmail.com' }
  s.source           = { :git => 'https://your_git_url/wangwanjie/TXNetworking.git', :tag => s.version.to_s }
  # s.social_media_url = 'https://twitter.com/<TWITTER_USERNAME>'

  s.ios.deployment_target = '8.0'

  s.source_files = 'TXNetwork/Classes/**/*.{h,m}'
  
  # s.resource_bundles = {
  #   'TXNetwork' => ['TXNetwork/Assets/*.png']
  # }

   s.public_header_files = 'TXNetwork/Classes/AFHTTPSessionManager+Retry.h'
  # s.frameworks = 'UIKit', 'MapKit'
   s.dependency 'AFNetworking', '~> 3.0'
   s.requires_arc = true

end

验证 podspec

如果填写有误，根据提示修改。

pod lib lint --allow-warnings

 -> TXNetwork (0.1.0)
    - NOTE  | [TXNetwork/ObjcAssociatedObjectHelpers] xcodebuild:  note: Using new build system
    - NOTE  | [TXNetwork/ObjcAssociatedObjectHelpers] xcodebuild:  note: Planning build
    - NOTE  | [TXNetwork/ObjcAssociatedObjectHelpers] xcodebuild:  note: Constructing build description
    - WARN  | xcodebuild:  /Users/VanJay/Documents/Work/Chaos/TXNetwork/TXNetwork/Classes/AFHTTPSessionManager+Retry.m:159:38: warning: this block declaration is not a prototype [-Wstrict-prototypes]
    - WARN  | [iOS] xcodebuild:  /Users/VanJay/Documents/Work/Chaos/TXNetwork/TXNetwork/Classes/AFHTTPSessionManager+Retry.m:151:172: warning: values of type 'NSInteger' should not be used as format arguments; add an explicit cast to 'long' instead [-Wformat]
    - WARN  | [iOS] xcodebuild:  /Users/VanJay/Documents/Work/Chaos/TXNetwork/TXNetwork/Classes/AFHTTPSessionManager+Retry.m:157:129: warning: values of type 'NSInteger' should not be used as format arguments; add an explicit cast to 'long' instead [-Wformat]
    - WARN  | [iOS] xcodebuild:  /Users/VanJay/Documents/Work/Chaos/TXNetwork/TXNetwork/Classes/AFHTTPSessionManager+Retry.m:182:118: warning: values of type 'NSInteger' should not be used as format arguments; add an explicit cast to 'long' instead [-Wformat]

TXNetwork passed validation.

TXNetwork on  master [!] took 23s

在 Example 执行验证 pod 是否可用

cd Example
pod install

向Spec repo提交podspec

向Spec repo提交podspec需要确定podspec必须通过验证无误。 向我们的私有Spec repo提交podspec只需要一个命令：

pod repo push tianxu TXNetwork.podspec --allow-warnings
pod search 

-> TXNetwork (0.1.0)
   介绍 pod 的描述.
   pod 'TXNetwork', '~> 0.1.0'
   - Homepage: https://your_git_url/wangwanjie/TXNetworking
   - Source:   https://your_git_url/wangwanjie/TXNetworking.git
   - Versions: 0.1.0 [tianxu repo]

使用私有 repo

指定 Specs 的位置,自定义添加自己的podspec。公司内部使用 cocoapods， 官方 source 是隐式的需要的，一旦你指定了其他 source，Podfile 里你就需要也把官方的指定上。

source 'https://github.com/cocoapods/Specs.git'  # 官方库
source 'https://your_git_url/wangwanjie/tianxu-Specs.git' # 私有库

target 'NewProject' do
  # Uncomment the next line if you're using Swift or would like to use dynamic frameworks
  # use_frameworks!

  # Pods for NewProject
  pod 'TXNetwork'
end